The Association of Maternal Body Composition and Dietary Intake with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during the Second Trimester in a Cohort of Chinese Pregnant Women / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in 11 hospitals from May 20, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dietary surveys were used to determine body composition and to evaluate the intake of nutrients in subjects at 21-24 weeks' gestation (WG). Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of GDM morbidity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Age, pre-pregnant body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI) were associated with increased risk of GDM. Fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FMP), extracellular water (ECW), BMI, BW, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates at 21-24 WG were associated with an increased risk of GDM. In contrast, fat free mass (FFM), muscular mass (MM), and intracellular water (ICW) were associated with a decreased risk of GDM.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Maternal body composition and dietary intake during the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the risk of GDM morbidity.</p>

Influence of acupuncture and moxibustion pretreatment at "Neiguan" (PC 6) on Connexin 43 in myocardial cell in rabbits of myocardial ischemia reperfusion / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe change of expression level of Connexin 43 (Cx 43) in myocardial mitochondria of ischemia reperfusion injury after pretreatment of acupuncture and moxibustion at "Neiguan" (PC 6) in rabbits, Thirty-two New Zealand and compare the different effect between electroacupuncture and moxibustion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>big-eared white rabbits were randomly divided into a model group, an electroacupuncture group, a moxibustion group and a sham-operation group, 8 cases in each one. The model of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury was established in the first three groups. Before and after animal model was successfully made, the electroacupuncture and moxibustion were applied at "Neiguan" (PC 6) for 20 min respectively in the electroacupuncture group and moxibustion group. After the experiment, distribution of Cx 43 was observed under optical microscope while mean value of integral optical density (IOD) of Cx 43 in myocardial cell was tested.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution of Cx 43 in the model group was obviously scattered and sparse, but more expression of Cx 43 could be seen in the other three groups that were shaped as strip, chain or irregular and was perpendicular to cell long axis or formed side-side connection that was parallel to long axis. Shape and distribution of Cx 43 expression in the moxibustion group were not obviously different from that in the electroacupuncture group. The mean value of IOD of Cx 43 expression in myocardial cell in the electroacupuncture group (735. 10 +/- 152. 01), moxibustion group (836. 15 +/- 247. 10) and sham-operation group (950.56+/-223.37) was higher than that in the model group (312. 68+/-1105. 20), and difference of the mean value in the electroacupuncture group was not statistically significant from that in the moxibustion group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pretreatment of acupuncture and moxibustion at "Neiguan" (PC 6) in rabbit could increase expression of Cx 43 in myocardial cell and participate in electrical coupling and metabolic coupling to protect myocardial cell from ischemia reperfusion. However, differences of mean value of Cx 43 expression in myocardial cell were not statistically significant during electroacupuncture and moxibustion at "Neiguan" (PC 6).</p>